Java is Oracle's object-oriented programming language and computing platform built on the JVM.
Java is a class-based, object-oriented programming language that runs on the Java Virtual Machine and is stewarded by Oracle. It is widely used for enterprise backend systems, Android applications, and large-scale data platforms.
The language and its development kit evolve through the OpenJDK community under Oracle's leadership, with regularly scheduled feature releases. Java codebases interoperate with Kotlin on the JVM, and teams migrate between the two languages in Android and server projects.
Microsoft
C#
microsoft.com
Nubank
Clojure
nubank.com.br
Go
google.com
JetBrains
Kotlin
jetbrains.com
Rust Foundation
Rust
rustfoundation.org
Scala Center
Scala
scala.epfl.ch
Adds products that compete with one of Java’s direct competitors but not with Java itself. They are shaded, and Linked Through names the direct competitor each one competes with.
| Attribute | Java | C# | Clojure | Go | Kotlin | Rust | Scala | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Provider |  | |  |  |  |  |  | |
| Founded | 1977 | 1975 | 2013 | 1998 | 2000 | 2021 | 2016 | |
| Sells To | Enterprise, Small Business | Enterprises, Small Business | Consumers and Businesses | Enterprises, Individuals | Developers | — | — | |
| Pricing Model | Recurring, Software, Transactional | SaaS, Transactional | Interest Income | Advertising, Subscription | Subscription | Donations | — | |
| Ownership | Public | Public | Public | Subsidiary | Private | Nonprofit | — |
Provider
Founded 1977
Sells To Enterprise, Small Business
Pricing Model Recurring, Software, Transactional
Ownership Public
Provider
Founded 1975
Sells To Enterprises, Small Business
Pricing Model SaaS, Transactional
Ownership Public
Provider
Founded 2013
Sells To Consumers and Businesses
Pricing Model Interest Income
Ownership Public
Provider
Founded 1998
Sells To Enterprises, Individuals
Pricing Model Advertising, Subscription
Ownership Subsidiary
Provider
Founded 2000
Sells To Developers
Pricing Model Subscription
Ownership Private
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Free, open-source general-purpose programming language maintained by the Python Software Foundation; current stable release is Python 3.14.
Strongly typed programming language from Microsoft that builds on JavaScript with syntax for types and better tooling.
Apache Groovy is an open-source, Java-like programming language for the JVM with static and dynamic typing.
Open-source, cross-platform functional-first programming language from Microsoft running on .NET.
Free, open-source general-purpose programming language maintained by the Python Software Foundation; current stable release is Python 3.14.
Industrial-strength functional programming language with a focus on expressiveness and safety.
Swift is Apple's general-purpose programming language for apps across its platforms and servers.
Strongly typed programming language from Microsoft that builds on JavaScript with syntax for types and better tooling.
Dart is Google's programming language for building applications across mobile, web, and desktop targets.
